Captain's License / Study Guides

Rules of the Road

50 exam questions90% to passClosed book

The Rules of the Road section is the #1 failure point on the OUPV exam. It's closed book, requires 90% to pass, and covers 50 questions on COLREGS and Inland Navigation Rules. This guide covers everything you need to know.

What's Covered

Part A — General (Rules 1-3)

Application, responsibility, and general definitions. When rules apply, who they apply to, and what constitutes a vessel.

Part B-I — Steering in Any Visibility (Rules 4-10)

Lookout, safe speed, risk of collision, action to avoid collision, narrow channels, traffic separation schemes.

Part B-II — Steering In Sight (Rules 11-18)

Sailing vessels, overtaking, head-on, crossing situations, action by give-way vessel, action by stand-on vessel, responsibilities between vessels.

Part B-III — Restricted Visibility (Rule 19)

Conduct in restricted visibility — the most critical single rule for safe navigation.

Part C — Lights & Shapes (Rules 20-31)

Navigation lights for every vessel type, daylight shapes, visibility ranges, and special configurations.

Part D — Sound & Light Signals (Rules 32-37)

Whistle signals, bell signals, gong signals, and distress signals. Maneuvering signals vs warning signals.

Inland vs International Differences

Key differences between COLREGS (international) and Inland Rules — the exam tests both and expects you to know which apply.

Study Tips

  • 1.Make flashcards for every light configuration — you need to recognize them instantly
  • 2.Learn the hierarchy of responsibility: Rule 18 vessel priority (not under command > restricted ability > constrained by draft > fishing > sailing > power-driven)
  • 3.Sound signals: know the difference between maneuvering signals (inland) and intent signals (international)
  • 4.For lights questions, draw the vessel from the perspective shown — top-down helps
  • 5.Rule 19 (restricted visibility) is fundamentally different from Rules 11-18 — there is no stand-on/give-way in fog

Common Mistakes

  • Confusing inland maneuvering signals (1 short = I intend to leave you on my port side) with international signals (1 short = I am altering my course to starboard)
  • Forgetting that Rule 9 (narrow channels) overrides crossing rules in narrow channels
  • Not knowing the masthead light arc (225°) vs sidelight arc (112.5°) vs sternlight arc (135°)
  • Mixing up shapes: ball-diamond-ball (restricted ability to maneuver) vs two balls (not under command)
  • Assuming give-way/stand-on applies in restricted visibility — it doesn't (Rule 19)

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